造紙(zhi)廢水處理(li)概述

　　造(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)廢(fei)水是指制(zhi)漿(jiang)(jiang)造(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過程中(zhong)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)廢(fei)水，一般(ban)包括制(zhi)漿(jiang)(jiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)煮廢(fei)液(ye)、洗滌(di)廢(fei)液(ye)、漂白廢(fei)液(ye)、紙(zhi)(zhi)機(ji)(ji)(ji)白水等。造(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)廢(fei)水由(you)于(yu)成分較為復雜、可(ke)回收(shou)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)性較差，屬于(yu)難(nan)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)廢(fei)水之一，也是當前我(wo)國主要的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)污(wu)染源之一。當前，我(wo)國造(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)企業(ye)在(zai)造(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)過程中(zhong)多采用草稈、木漿(jiang)(jiang)等原料(liao)，經過制(zhi)漿(jiang)(jiang)、洗漿(jiang)(jiang)、漂白、造(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)等多重(zhong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序來完成造(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)過程，其中(zhong)還會(hui)涉及堿(jian)法(fa)制(zhi)漿(jiang)(jiang)、化學(xue)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械法(fa)制(zhi)漿(jiang)(jiang)和(he)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械法(fa)制(zhi)漿(jiang)(jiang)等諸(zhu)多制(zhi)作方(fang)法(fa)，但是無論何(he)種工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序和(he)制(zhi)作方(fang)法(fa)，都需(xu)嚴格按照步驟進(jin)行，否(fou)則在(zai)造(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)過程中(zhong)會(hui)產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)大量懸(xuan)浮物及生(sheng)(sheng)化需(xu)氧(yang)量、化學(xue)需(xu)氧(yang)量和(he)部分有毒物質，產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)造(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)廢(fei)水污(wu)染。造(zao)(zao)紙(zhi)(zhi)廢(fei)水成分復雜，可(ke)生(sheng)(sheng)化性差，屬于(yu)較難(nan)處(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)廢(fei)水。

　　造(zao)紙廢水(shui)處理(li)處理(li)工藝流程

　　一(yi)級處(chu)理：格(ge)柵、提升泵房、纖維(wei)回收(shou)間、初沉池(混凝沉淀池或氣(qi)浮(fu)池)和(he)調(diao)節池。

　　二(er)級(ji)處(chu)理：厭(yan)氧(yang)(升(sheng)(sheng)流式厭(yan)氧(yang)污泥床(UASB)、內循環升(sheng)(sheng)流式厭(yan)氧(yang)反應(ying)器(qi)和完全混合式厭(yan)氧(yang)反應(ying)器(qi)(CSTR))+好氧(yang)工藝(氧(yang)化溝(gou)、A/O)。

　　三級處(chu)理(li)：混凝沉淀(氣浮)處(chu)理(li)。